一. 教学内容:

Module 1:Unit 2:Don’t feed the ducks!

二. 重点、难点:

单词:

duck 鸭子 grass 草地 silence 安静 ,别出声

词组:

no matter the weather make things at the factory sing a song

句型:

Don’t feed the ducks! Don’t walk on the grass! Don’t play ball games here !

Silence ! Don’t write in the books ! There are so many things to see.

语法:

相关口令

祈使句无主语,主语you常省去;

动词原形谓语当,句首加don’t否定变;

朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。

祈使句表现形式

●肯定结构:

1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。

有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。

2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!

3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。

●否定结构:

1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t构成。如:Don’t forget me! 不要忘记我!

Don’t be late for school! 上学不要迟到!

2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don’t + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:Don’t let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。

3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!

“let”带头的祈使句

由“let”带头的祈使句(Imperative Sentences)是个常见的动词句型,它的主要用法有下列三种:

1. 表示“建议”。

这个句型里的“let”后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语,如:

(1) Let me try.

(2) Let’s do it.

(3) Let me go and look for it.

这个句型语气委婉,比直接的祈使句客气。试比较(4)a和(4)b:

(4) a. Don’t disturb him.

b. Let’s not disturb him.

(a)是直接命令,语气强烈,不如(b)温柔悦耳。

2. 表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。

这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词,如:

(5) Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.

(6) Let her join our choir.

3. 表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。

这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主。除了口气凶悍之外,有时还语带讽刺,如:

(7) Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own.

(8) Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time.

用“let”的祈使句时,必须注意下列几点:

一、“let”的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用“Don’t let...”(见例(9));如果宾语是第一人称,则用“Let......not” (见例(10)):

(9) Don’t let this type of things happen again.

(10) It’s raining now. Let’s not go out until after the rain.

二、“Let”只适用于现在时态,可以有被动语态 (the passive voice),如:

(11) Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.

(12) Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.

三、“Let”后头除了是不带“to”的不定式动词 (The infinitive without“to”)之外,还可以是某些适当的副词,如out, in, down, alone等:

(13) Let the puppy out.

(14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in.

(15) The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.

(16) Let me alone, please.

四、用“Let’s”时,把谈话者的对象包括在内;用“Let us”时,并不包括对方,如:

(17) Let’s try it, shall we?

(18) Let us do it by ourselves, will you?

从(17)里的“shall we”和(18)里的“will you”,不难知道前者包括听话人,后者并没有。

【典型例题】

例:将下列汉语翻译成英语。

1. 请照看好您的包。 ___________________.

2. 让我们去学校吧! ___________________!

3. 亲爱的,高兴点儿! ___________________!

4. 不要把书放这儿。 ___________________.

5. 不要让猫进来。 ___________________.

Key:

1. Please look after your bag 2. Let’s go to school

3. Be glad, dear 4. Don’t put the book here

5. Don’t let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in

例:用there be的适当形式填空:

1. a bookcase in the study .

2. a sofa in the bedroom , but a bed in it .

3. some people in the park .

4. some milk in the glass .

5. any flowers in the garden .

Keys:

1. There is 2. There is ; there isn’t 3. There are 4. There is 5. There are

6. an apple on the plate ? Yes , .

7. any pineapples in the basket ?

No, . some pears in it .

8. How many desks in the office ? six .

9. How many TVs in the classroom ? only one .

10. What’s behind the fridge ? a doll .

Keys:

6. Is there ; there is 7. Are there ; there aren’t ; There are

8. are there ; There are 9. are there ; There is 10. There is

11. What’s near the building ? some trees .

12. What’s in the reading room ? a lot of books .

13. any jackets in the window ? Yes, . fifteen .

14. a table tennis room in this new building? Yes , .

15. a desk and two chairs in the study .

Keys:

11. There are 12. There are 13. Are there ; there are ; There are

14. Is there ; there is 15. There is

【模拟试题】(答题时间:40分钟)

一、找出不同类的单词。(5分)

( )1. A. teacher B. nurse C. boy D. student

( )2. A. he B. I C. she D. they

( )3. A. eighty B. old C. eleven D. thirteen

( )4. A. what B. where C. who D. this

( )5. A. clock B. jacket C. sock D. dress

二、翻译下列词组。(10分)

1. 一杯咖啡

2. 乘出租车

3. 想要

4. 去图书馆

5. 我的筷子

6. go home

7. something to drink

8. open door

9. snack bar

10. go to see the doctor

三、单选题,在括号内填序号。(10分)

1. What are ______? They are pineapples.

A. this B. these C. it

2. Who’s the woman ______ long hair?

A. with B. in C. of

3. _____ is her job?

A. What B. Which C. Who

4. They’re my uncles. They’re _____.

A. pears B. boys C. workers

5. _____ climb table again.

A. Not B. Don’t C. Do

四、连词成句。(10分)

1. how , your , about , mother ?

2. free , you , are , now _________ ?

3. for , we , school , are , late__________ .

4. he , my , English , is , teacher________ __.

5. some , then , have , juice_______ ___.

五、完成对话。(10分)

A: Can ______ _______ you?

B: I’d ______ oranges, please.

A: OK. _______ _______ kilos?

B: _______ _______ , please.

A: Three yuan, please.

B: Here you _______.

A: Thank you. Bye.

B: _______.

【试题答案】

一、找出不同类的单词。(5分)

( C )1. A. teacher B. nurse C. boy D. student

( B )2. A. he B. I C. she D. they

( B )3. A. eighty B. old C. eleven D. thirteen

( D )4. A. what B. where C. who D. this

( A )5. A. clock B. jacket C. sock D. dress

二、翻译下列词组。(10分)

1. 一杯咖啡a cup of coffee

2. 乘出租车by taxi

3. 想要want to do

4. 去图书馆go to the library

5. 我的筷子my chopsticks

6. go home回家

7. something to drink喝的东西

8. open door开门

9. snack bar快餐;小吃

10. go to see the doctor看医生

三、单选题,在括号内填序号。(10分)

1. What are ______? They are pineapples. B

A. this B. these C. it

2. Who’s the woman ______ long hair? A

A. with B. in C. of

3. _____ is her job? A

A. What B. Which C. Who

4. They’re my uncles. They’re _____. C

A. pears B. boys C. workers

5. _____ climb table again. B

A. Not B. Don’t C. Do

四、连词成句。(10分)

1. how , your , about , mother How about your mother?

2. free , you , are , now Are you free now?

3. for , we , school , are , late We are late for school.

4. he , my , English , is , teacher He is my English teacher.

5. some , then , have , juice Have some juice then.

五、完成对话。(10分)

A: Can I help you?

B: I’d like some oranges, please.

A: OK. How many kilos?

B: One kilo, please.

A: Three yuan, please.

B: Here you are.

A: Thank you. Bye.

B: Bye.