一、重点单词
1. awake adj.
1) 醒着的
He has lain awake all night, thinking of them.
他躺着一夜没睡着,想着他们、
I lay awake in his bed.
我醒着躺在床上、
2) 认识到的,意识到的[(+to)]
They are fully awake to the dangers of the situation.
他们充分意识到局势的危险、
3) 警惕的
We must stay awake in their struggle against terrorists.
我们必须在与反恐怖分子的斗争中始终保持警惕、
拓展:
awake vt.
1) 唤醒,使醒过来
The noise awoke me.
噪音把我惊醒了、
2)使觉醒;使意识到 (+to)
He tried to awake us to a sense of duty.
他试图使我们认识到自己的责任、
3) 唤起,激起
Nothing can awake his interest in English.
什么都无法激起他对这门英语学科的兴趣、
awake vi.
1) 醒来
I awoke from a sound sleep.
我从酣睡中醒来、
2) 觉醒;意识到 (+to)
We must awake to our responsibilities.
我们一定要认识到自己的职责、
3) 被唤起,被激起
Old memories awoke in me when I saw the picture.
我看到这张照片时件件往事涌上心头、
awake 是表语形容词,在句中一般只作表语或后置定语、用法相同的词还有
alone; alike ;aware: asleep 等、
与awake 的常用搭配有
(1) be awake to 注意到,意识到
(2) be awake 醒着
(3) wide awake 完全醒着;没有睡意
(4) keep sb. awake 让某人无法入睡
运用:翻译
(1)是我们让她意识到错误的时候了、
答案:It's time we made her awake to her mistakes.
(2)这里的噪音是我无法入睡、
答案: The noise here made me awake.
(3)昨晚我在半夜还毫无睡意、
答案:I was wide awake at midnight yesterday.
2. event n. 大事,事件;项目
Please collect the chief events of that year.
请收集一下那年的主要大事、
拓展:event, accident, incident 与 affair的区别
event 一般指发生的或历史上的大事件,也可以指比赛的项目、
incident 一般指不重要的小事或政治上的事件、
accident 指偶然发生,出乎意料的事故、
affair 是个普通名词,可以表示:大事,小事,政治事件,家务小事、
运用: 用event, accident, incident 与 affair填空
1) The report deals with the most important____ of 2007.
答案:events
2) Ten children were hurt in the car____.
答案:accident
3) After they had been punished, nobody mentioned the ____ again.
答案: incident
4) He isn't prepared to discuss his financial ______ with press.
答案: affairs
3. swallow vt.
1) 吞下,咽下
I swallowed the pills with a cup of water.
我用一杯水吞下了这些药丸、
2)淹没,吞没;吞并 (+up)
The waves swallowed up his little boat yesterday.
昨天波浪吞没了他的小船、
3) 耗尽,用尽 (+up)
The increase in food costs swallowed up our pay increase.
食物花费的增加超出了我们的工资增长、
4.)轻信;轻易接受
The girl is naive and would swallow anything you tell her.
那女孩很天真,你跟她讲什么她都相信、
5)忍受
The man swallowed the insults and kept on working.
那人忍受侮辱继续努力、
6)压制,抑制
I swallowed her displeasure and smiled.
我抑制自己的不快,强颜欢笑、
7) 取消(前言)
I had to swallow my words for this reason.
由于这个我不得不取消前言、
拓展:swallow vi. 吞下;咽下
She couldn't swallow because of a sore throat.
她因嗓子疼而不能吞咽、
n. 1) 吞, 咽
I took the medicine at one swallow.
我一口吞下这药、
2) 一次吞咽之物 (+of)
The girl took a long swallow of wine.
那女孩喝了一大口酒、
swallow 燕子[C]
One swallow does not make a summer.
一燕不成夏、
运用:用适当的介词填空
(1) Before leaving the hotel, he took a swallow ___ beer.
答案: of
(2) Buying the house swallowed ___ our savings.
答案: up
二、重点词组
1. Which things do you think western people have at Christmas?
at Christmas在圣诞节期间
At Christmas people often go shopping in the big supermarket.
在圣诞节期间,人们经常到这个大超市购物、
拓展 :
(1)on Christmas eve 在圣诞前夜
(2) on Christmas Day 在圣诞当天
运用:选择填空
People in the west often spend much money buying things_______.
A. on Christmas Eve B. on Christmas Day C. at Christmas D. Christmas
答案:C at Christmas在圣诞节期间
on Christmas eve 在圣诞前夜
on Christmas Day 在圣诞当天
2.blow up 给……充气,给……打气
He is blowing up his tire. 他正在给轮胎打气、
拓展 :
blow up 还有“爆炸”“起,发生”“发脾气”“严厉责备某人”“夸大”之意、
The man was killed when the barrel of gun powder blew up.
当火药桶爆炸时,那名男子被炸死了、
A hurricane is blowing up.
飓风来了、
I am sorry I blew up at you.
很抱歉,我对你发脾气、
He blew her up for her carelessness.
他斥责她因她的粗心、
His influence was greatly blown up by the media.
媒体夸大了他的影响、
运用: 选择填空
The police station was _____by the terrorists.
A. blow up B. blown up C. blown down D. burnt down
答案:B blow up 有“爆炸”的意思、
3.carry on 继续,坚持,经营
carry on doing sth 相当于 go on doing sth
They carried on doing the work as if nothing had happened.
他们继续在工作,好像什么都没有发生、
拓展:
(1) carry on with 继续
(2) carry away 搬走,冲走,使失去理智成自制力
(3) carry out 实施,履行,完成,后常加plan, promise, order
(4) carry about /around 随身携带
运用: 选择填空
(1)--It’s a good plan, but who’s going to___ it?
---Tom, I think.
A. carry out B. go on C. take on D. get through
答案: A carry out 实施,履行,完成,后常加plan, promise, order等、
(2)They __doing the work despite the noise.
A. went on with B. carried on
C. came on D. set out
答案:B carry on doing sth 继续做某事、
4. put up
1) 建造
We put up a house by the river.
我们在河边建造了一间房子、
2)供给、。.住宿
We can put all of you up for the night.
我们可以安排你们所有人过夜、
拓展:
含有put的短语有
put off 推迟
The meeting has been put off.
put up
1) 搭建 put up a house
2) 抬高 put up the price of meat
3)提供食宿 put sb. up for the night
4)提出 put up a solution
put out
1)灭火Far water does not put out near fire.
远水救不了近火、
2) 生产 put out cars
3)关掉 put out the lights
put on 穿上;戴上
put down v.放下, 拒绝, 镇压, 削减, 记下, 制止, 取缔
build up 和put up都有建立建设的意思、
build up 可以指建立抽象的事物也可以指建立具体的事物、
build up confidence in yourself建立自信心confidence就是抽象的事物、
build up a skyscraper here 在这里建设一个摩天大楼、
put up 多指建设盖起搭起一个具体的事物、
put sb down 使……出丑
put sb off 取消(与某人的见面)安排
put sb on 让某人听电话
put up with sb 容忍,忍受
set up home 安家落户
运用:翻译下列句子
(1)我们得把婚礼延期到九月举行、
答案: We've had to put our wedding off until September.
(2)把玩具玩儿完了以后放进柜子里去、
答案:Put your toys away in the cupboard, when you've finished playing.
(3)他大概喝了半瓶威士忌酒、
答案:He must have put away half a bottle of whisky last night.
(4)以招待你过夜、
答案:、 We can put you up for the night.
选择填空
(1)A New cinema___ where used to be a temple.
A. has put up B. has been put up
C. put up D. has been putting up
答案:B put up “建造”的意思,根据句意应该用被动、
(2)______ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the USA.
A. Being founded B. It was founded
C. Founded D. Founding
答案:C 过去分词短语作状语,放于句首、相当于Because it was founded in 1636,
5.turn off the lights关掉电灯
Please turn off the lights because I can't sleep with lights on.
请关掉电灯,因为灯开着我睡不着、
拓展:
(1)turn off 关(水、煤气、电灯等)
(2)turn off 拐弯,令人讨厌
(3)turn on 开水、煤气、电灯,它还有“攻击”之意
运用:选择填空
The dog suddenly ______me and bite me on the leg.
A. turned on B. turn to C. turned off D. turn off
答案:A turn on 开水、煤气、电灯,它还有“攻击”之意、
6. leave sth for sb 为某人留下某物
leave sth for sb 相当于leave sb sth
Please leave the cake for him.
请把这块蛋糕留给他、
拓展:
(1) leave sp for sp 离开某地前往某地
(2) leave sth to/with sb 把某物交托给某人
(3) leave sth aside 不考虑某人,将某事放置一边
(4) leave sb behind 超越某人
(5) leave sth off 不把……列入,漏掉某物
运用:选择填空
He is ____Beijing _____Shanghai tomorrow.
A. leave; for B. leaving; for C. leave; to D. leaving; to
答案:B leave sp for sp 离开某地前往某地、
三、 重点句型
1. while conj.
拓展:
(1)表对此的“而,却”
He likes music, while his brother likes sports.
(2)表示“尽管,虽然”相当于though/although
While they are twins, they have nothing in common.
(3)表时间 “当……时候”(从句的谓语动用延续性动词)
I was doing my homework while my mother was watching TV.
(4)表条件的“只要”=as long as 注意:常用在肯定句中、
While there is water, there is life.