1. be 动词
(1) Basic form： am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
(3)一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese? Yes， you are. No， you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes， they are. No， they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes， it is. No， it isn’t.
2.人称代词
主格： I we you she he it they
宾格： me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs
3.可数词的复数形式
Most nouns + s a book –books
Nouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s， sh， ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.形容词和副词的比较级
(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er
older taller longer stronger， etc
(2) 多音节词前+more
more interesting， etc.
(3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er
bigger fatter， etc.
(4) 把y变i，再+er
heavier， earlier
(5) 不规则变化：
well-better， much/many-more， etc.
5.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)
bread， rice， water ，juice etc.
6. a/an
a book， a peach
an egg an hour
7. 缩略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is